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The Southern Sky Redshift Survey
We report redshifts, magnitudes, and morphological classifications for5369 galaxies with m_B <= 15.5 and for 57 galaxies fainter than thislimit, in two regions covering a total of 1.70 sr in the southerncelestial hemisphere. The galaxy catalog is drawn primarily from thelist of nonstellar objects identified in the Hubble Space TelescopeGuide Star Catalog (GSC). The galaxies have positions accurate to ~1"and magnitudes with an rms scatter of ~0.3 mag. We compute magnitudes(m_SSRS2) from the relation between instrumental GSC magnitudes and thephotometry by Lauberts & Valentijn. From a comparison with CCDphotometry, we find that our system is homogeneous across the sky andcorresponds to magnitudes measured at the isophotal level ~26 magarcsec^-2. The precision of the radial velocities is ~40 km s^-1, andthe redshift survey is more than 99% complete to the m_SSRS2 = 15.5 maglimit. This sample is in the direction opposite that of the CfA2; incombination the two surveys provide an important database for studies ofthe properties of galaxies and their large-scale distribution in thenearby universe. Based on observations obtained at Cerro TololoInter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories,operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation;Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito, operated under agreement between theConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas de laRepública Argentina and the National Universities of La Plata,Córdoba, and San Juan; the European Southern Observatory, LaSilla, Chile, partially under the bilateral ESO-ObservatórioNacional agreement; Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory;Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Brazil; and the SouthAfrican Astronomical Observatory.
| Linear clusters of galaxies - A194
New measurements for 160 redshifts and previous measurements for 108other redshifts are presented for galaxies within 5 deg of A194. Thegalaxy distribution in A194 is shown to be inconsistent with aspherically symmetric King model. A mass-to-light ratio is derived usingthe virial theorem which is lower than the mean for the groups in theCfA redshift survey (Huchra and Geller, 1982; Geller, 1984). Anonparametric test for galaxy-cluster alignment and a Chi-squared testare used to search for alignment of galaxy major axes with the axis ofA194. Evidence for neither luminosity segregation nor significantdifferences in the velocity or surface distributions of galaxies as afunction of morphological type is found.
| A new classification system for galaxies
A galaxy classification system is proposed in which normal spirals andlenticulars form parallel sequences within which 'early' and 'late'systems are distinguished by means of their disk-to-bulge ratios. Asequence of 'anemic spirals', which occur most frequently in richclusters, is found to have characteristics that are intermediate betweenthose of vigorous gas-rich normal spirals and gas-poor systems of typeS0. The differences between normal spirals (Sa-Sb-Sc), anemic spirals(Aa-Ab-Ac), and lenticulars (S0a-S0b-S0c) are tentatively interpreted interms of the influence of environment on the evolution of flattenedgalaxies.
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