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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| The mass of X-ray Nova Scorpii1994 (=GRO J1655-40)
We have obtained high- and intermediate-resolution optical spectra ofthe black hole candidate Nova Scorpii 1994 in 1998 May/June, when thesource was in complete (X-ray) quiescence. We measure the radialvelocity curve of the secondary star and obtain a semi-amplitude ofK_2=215.5 +/- 2.4 km s^-1, which is 6 per cent lower than the onlypreviously determined value. This new value for K_2 thus reduces thebinary mass function to f(M) = 2.73 +/- 0.09 M_solar. Using only thehigh-resolution spectra, we constrain the rotational broadening of thesecondary star, v sin i, to lie in the range 82.9-94.9 km s^-1 (95 percent confidence) and thus constrain the binary mass ratio to lie in therange 0.337-0.436 (95 per cent confidence). We can also combine ourresults with published limits for the binary inclination to constrainthe mass of the compact object and secondary star to the ranges 5.5-7.9and 1.7-3.3 M_solar respectively (95 per cent confidence). Finally, wereport on the detection of the lithium resonance line at 6707.8 Å,with an equivalent width of 55 +/- 8 m Å.
| A catalog of rotational and radial velocities for evolved stars
Rotational and radial velocities have been measured for about 2000evolved stars of luminosity classes IV, III, II and Ib covering thespectral region F, G and K. The survey was carried out with the CORAVELspectrometer. The precision for the radial velocities is better than0.30 km s-1, whereas for the rotational velocity measurementsthe uncertainties are typically 1.0 km s-1 for subgiants andgiants and 2.0 km s-1 for class II giants and Ib supergiants.These data will add constraints to studies of the rotational behaviourof evolved stars as well as solid informations concerning the presenceof external rotational brakes, tidal interactions in evolved binarysystems and on the link between rotation, chemical abundance and stellaractivity. In this paper we present the rotational velocity v sin i andthe mean radial velocity for the stars of luminosity classes IV, III andII. Based on observations collected at the Haute--Provence Observatory,Saint--Michel, France and at the European Southern Observatory, LaSilla, Chile. Table \ref{tab5} also available in electronic form at CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| SANTIAGO 91, a right ascension catalogue of 3387 stars (equinox J2000).
The positions in right ascension of 3387 stars belonging to the Santiago67 Catalogue, observed with the Repsold Meridian Circle at Cerro Calan,National Astronomical Observatory, during the period 1989 to 1994, aregiven. The average mean square error of a position, for the wholeCatalogue, is +/-0.009 s. The mean epoch of the catalogue is 1991.84.
| Silicon abundance in Population I giants
Silion to carbon abundance ratios for Population I giants weredetermined from emission lines originating in the transition layersbetween stellar chromospheres and coronae. For effective temperatureslarger than 6200 K we find a group of stars for which the silicon tocarbon abundance ratio appears to be increased. These stars arepresumably descendents from AP stars on Am stars with increased surfacesilicon to carbon abundance ratios. Around B-V approximately equal to0.45 this anomaly disappears as is to be expected due to the increaseddepth of the convection zone and therefore deeper mixing which dilutesthe surface overabundances. Unexplained is the apparent increasedsilicon to carbon abundance ratio observed for several stars cooler than5100 K. RS CVn and related stars do not show this increased abundanceratio.
| Photometry of F-K type bright giants and supergiants. I - Intermediate band and H-Beta observations
Over 1500 observations of 560 bright giants and supergiants of types F-Kare presented and compared to the observations by Gray and Olsen (1991).The present results include intermediate-band which is slightlydifferent from the Stromgren data by Gray and Olsen due to a differentwidth for the v filter. A systematic difference in m(1) - M(1) withdecreasing temperature is noted in the two H-Beta data sets, and thecorrelations are defined.
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| Narrow-band photometry of late-type stars. II
This paper presents extensive narrow-band photometry in the Uppsalasystem supplementing earlier published mesurements so that data now areavailable for all late-type stars brighter than V = 6.05 and a number ofgalactic cluster members. Numerous UBV and BV measurements are alsopublished. The data are used to determine relations for the predictionof UBV intrinsic colors for late-type stars from the narrow-bandmeasurements. The main purpose of the data is to constitute the basisfor the determination of solar-neighborhood space densities of late-typestars, mainly giants of different kinds; these space densities will becombined with narrow-band data for fainter stars in the north Galacticpole region to yield the decrease of space density with distance fromthe galactic plane for many kinds of late-type stars.
| The sun among the stars. V - A second search for solar spectral analogs: The Hyades' distance
A five-part search for a match of the solar spectrum throughout the sky,down to the limit of the Bright Star Catalog, is completed by 20A-resolution comparisons of G-type star photoelectric violet spectrawith those of Jupiter satellites and the blue sky. It is confirmed thatsolar analogs are rare. The strengths, relative to the sun, of theabsorption features at 3850 and 3740 A are measured quantitatively forall 164 stars observed. Their dependence on B-V and U-V leads to thesame solar colors previously derived from the solar analogs alone, withB-V equals 0.66 and U-B equals 0.20. Giants and subgiants are excludedfrom consideration, and stellar metal content dependence was closelyobserved. The sun is found to fit the mass-luminosity relation of theHyades within 0.16 m, independent of the assumed helium abundance, ifevolutionary and metal abundance effects are taken into account.
| Uvby-Beta Photometry of Equatorial and Southern Bright Stars - Part Two
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980A&AS...42..311H&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Skorpion |
| Right ascension: | 16h41m45.50s |
| Declination: | -33°08'47.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 5.87 |
| Distance: | 89.606 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -59.7 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -56.8 |
| B-T magnitude: | 6.648 |
| V-T magnitude: | 5.912 |
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